Global Innovation Index by Political Regime

INFO 3300 SP18: atv26, oaa35, bg367

What is Global Innovation Index?

The Global Innovation Index (GII) aims to capture the multi-dimensional facets of innovation and provide the tools that can assist in tailoring policies to promote long-term output growth, improved productivity, and job growth.

Countries that have a well-established political regime tend to score higher on the Global Innovation Index

How do we define Political Regime?

  1. Democracy: political preferences cannot be expressed and citizens are not guaranteed civil liberties
  2. Autocracy: restricts political participation by citizens, has executives chosen within the political elite, and executives with few institutional constraints
  3. Anocracy: regimes that fall in the middle of the spectrum of autocracies and democracies.

Only 1/3% of the autocratic nations are above the average innovation index versus 55% of the democratic nations

Autocratic nations are more negatively affected on some aspects of innovation, while others not so much

The GII is a weighted average of seven different sub-indexes:

  1. Institutions

    2. Government effectiveness, regulatory quality, ease of starting a business, ease of paying taxes, etc.

  2. Human Capital and Research

    3. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) access, electricity output, logistics performance, GDP per unit of energy use, etc.

  3. Infrastructure

    4. Expenditure on education, tertiary education enrollment, gross expenditure on R&D, graduates in science and engineering, etc.

  4. Market Sophistication

    5. Credit access, ease of getting credit, venture capital deals, applied tariff rate, intensity of local competition, etc.
  1. Business Sophistication

    2. Females employed with advanced degrees, university/industry research collaboration, joint ventures and strategic alliances, foreign direct investment, etc.

  2. Knowledge and Technology Outputs

    3. Scientific and technical publications, patent applications, ISO 9001 quality certificates, total computer software spending, etc.

  3. Creative Outputs

    4. ICTs and business model creation, contribution to global entertainment and media market, generic top-level domains(gTLDs), Wikipedia yearly edits, video uploads on YouTube, etc.

Sources

text: https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/about-gii

Global Innovation Index data: https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/analysis-indicator

Political regime data: https://ourworldindata.org/democracy